Design of Street Light Controller Based on Zigbee Chen Yue, Jia Wenchao, Xiao Pingping 2 (1. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China; 2. Guanghua College, Changchun University, Changchun 130031, China) Time, consumption under different traffic flows The power has realized the status monitoring, lighting control and management of the regional street lights to achieve energy saving.
Therefore, intelligent, networked, real-time, precise and dynamic has become an inevitable trend in the development of modern urban road lighting management systems. The intelligent street lamp energy-saving control system based on the sensor network developed by the project is a road lighting management system with energy-saving control function, which can solve the problem of extremely wasteful energy and burned lamps caused by unbalanced power supply and excessive power supply in the street lamp area.
Urban street lighting consumes a lot of electric energy, and it is of great significance to control the street lamps. The existing energy-saving technologies mainly adopt the step-down technology of an autotransformer and a magnetic saturation reactor. The shortcoming is due to the slow reaction speed, the voltage drops to the unsteady zone during the peak of power consumption, which is easy to cause the light to flash, cannot be automatically adjusted, and sometimes the lamp can not be damaged by the instantaneous high voltage impact of the commercial power.
In the data transmission mode between the line-level control terminal and the management center, many existing systems adopt a VHF/UHF radio-based solution. Although the radio station has the advantages of long transmission distance, good real-time performance and low operating cost, the frequency resources are precious, the technical difficulty is large, and the shortcomings of urban construction are also very obvious. At the level of monitoring, most of the monitoring and control of existing systems in China only achieve the line level, that is, it can only realize the monitoring and control of the switching and dimming of the entire line, and calculate the current (power) of the transformer terminal. ) to calculate the lighting rate. This kind of line-level monitoring can not accurately locate and analyze the faulty street lights, but must be accurately positioned by the "night patrol" or daylighting. These problems can be solved if single-lamp monitoring is possible. In the selection of the control terminal platform, the network topology map selects the tree network as the network topology structure of the street lamp energy-saving control system. The ZigBee specification identifies three different device types by device role: Coordinator, Router, and End Device. Each network must include a coordinator, because the existing systems of the network generally use 8-bit single-chip microcomputers, many systems only implement a single time period control or simulate the sunshine curve control strategy, it is difficult to achieve the premise of ensuring the quality of lighting. The effect of the next power saving. In short, after years of research and practice, although the current domestic street lighting monitoring system has reached a certain level in terms of functions, technical performance and operational reliability. However, there are still many areas for improvement.
Fund Project: Jilin Province Science and Technology Support Major Project (20106034) The Coordinator is the center of the entire network. Its functions include establishing, maintaining and managing networks, and assigning network addresses. The router acts as a repeater between remote devices to communicate and extend the coverage of the network. The terminal device does not have a routing function. It can only choose to join the established network and can send and receive information, but it does not have the routing and forwarding functions of the router.
After the network coordinator is powered on, the ZigBee network is established, and the monitoring network device node automatically joins the network. When each node joins the network, the network indicator of each node is lit, indicating that the networking is successful. As shown.
2 The system design of the streetlight energy-saving control system based on wireless sensor network is composed of street lamp management center platform, street lamp area controller and sensor node. The street lamp management center platform is responsible for the aggregation, statistics, analysis and processing of all information to realize the control of the regional controller nodes; the street lamp area controller (ie the cluster head node in the cluster structure) is responsible for the energy-saving control of the brightness of the street lamps under the jurisdiction. Analyze execution management center instructions and collect and report operational data. The sensor node is responsible for the control and status detection of street lights in a certain area. The Zigbee protocol is used for data transmission between the sensor node, the street lamp area controller and the street lamp management center, and the power line carrier communication mode is used for data transmission between the sensor node and each street lamp in the area under its jurisdiction. A clustered distributed wireless sensor network street light energy saving control system structure diagram, as shown. This paper completed the design of the street light area controller.
3 sensor node hardware design sensor node consists of four parts: data acquisition module, processor module, wireless communication module and energy supply module.
The data acquisition module collects the illumination and sound information in the area under the jurisdiction by the photosensitive and acoustic sensors, and changes the collected signal to its digital signal suitable for transmission through the signal conditioning circuit, and transmits it to the microprocessor module; the microprocessor module is responsible for Control the operation of the entire sensor node, store and process the data collected by the data acquisition module; the wireless communication module is responsible for wireless communication with other sensor nodes to realize information exchange control and data transmission and reception; the power module provides the sensor node with energy required for operation, and adopts Miniaturized, high-capacity battery.
As shown.
4 street lamp area controller hardware design The brightness on the road and the terminal voltage of the street lamp are input to the intelligent controller through the photosensitive sensor and the electric-44-network node structure pressure sensor. After real-time processing by the fuzzy control algorithm, according to the time and the brightness of the current road The power unit is controlled, and then the variable reactance converter is operated to change the output voltage of the lighting circuit to achieve balanced power supply and achieve energy saving control. The control principle is as shown.
Intelligent street lamp energy saving area controller control principle. 1 Power conversion unit The power unit of the intelligent street lamp energy-saving controller is mainly composed of a three-phase AC voltage regulation link composed of thyristors, a trigger circuit and a reactor. The reactor is used to isolate the high voltage and the low voltage, and the primary winding (high voltage) of the reactor is The street lamps are connected in series, the secondary winding (low voltage) is added in the reactor, the secondary winding is connected with the thyristor and the control system with the fuzzy control algorithm, and the voltage of the low voltage winding of the reactor is changed by adjusting the control angle of the thyristor. In this way, the voltage change on the high voltage winding is controlled, thereby changing the terminal voltage of the street lamp to change the illumination brightness of the street lamp, so as to realize the soft start and voltage regulation energy saving of the street lamp. The trigger pulse circuit uses the integrated trigger chip K004 to form a trigger pulse. As a phase shift trigger control unit of the thyristor in the three-phase AC voltage regulation system, it converts the control voltage amplitude into a trigger pulse with a sufficient power of the corresponding conduction angle to make the main The circuit operates reliably and each phase output pulse can reliably drive a high power thyristor component as shown.
Chen Yue, et al. Based on Zigbee's street lamp area controller design 4.2 Intelligent controller The intelligent controller should include the following basic functions: detection of photosensitive signals and sound signals, intelligent control algorithm operation, and power conversion unit control. Its intelligent controller control flow chart is shown.
Intelligent controller flow chart intelligent controller as the core part of the whole system is controlled by fuzzy control algorithm. The collected external signal is amplified and converted and input into the microprocessor of the controller. Here, the signal we collect is light. The signal and the sound signal are two. Through the collection of the illumination signal and the sound signal, the intelligent controller determines whether the street lighting system in the road section under the jurisdiction needs to be turned on, and if necessary, the power unit performs the soft start of the street lamp (general situation) The next is a lighting system consisting of dozens or even hundreds of street lights. After the street lamp is turned on, the intelligent signal is sent by the intelligent controller according to the sound signal generated by the road traffic flow and the pedestrian flow collected by the sound sensor installed on the road surface, and the thyristor voltage-controlled rectifier circuit is controlled by the power conversion unit to determine the output voltage of the street lamp. Size, if the brightness of the real-time road is high, the system automatically adjusts the output voltage of the street lamp according to the demand; if the illumination of the real-time street lamp does not need to be very high, the system will automatically reduce the output voltage of the street lamp. The software flow street light of the 5-way light area controller The main program of the area controller is relatively simple. As long as the serial port is initialized, the interrupt is opened, and the communication command of the upper host and the data of the lower node are waiting to be received. In essence, the wireless data coordinator is equivalent to a transfer station. The street lamp area controller communicates with the upper layer host through the serial port, the terminal receives and actively sends the message; and communicates with the lower layer node through the serial port 1. The data to be sent by the serial port 1 is converted into radio waves by the wireless transceiver module, and the frequency signal of the radio wave is converted into a digital signal by the wireless transceiver module and sent to the serial port. 1. The specific process is as shown. For the serial port 1 interrupt program flow chart, for the serial port 0 interrupt program flow chart.
I receive (interrupt return) serial port 1 interrupt program flow 6 test results to achieve the monitoring and management of street lights, through the zigbee wireless network protocol, to sense environmental factors, adjust the street lamp voltage, we can see the network topology of each node information through the PC Figure, as shown in 0. Open the node, we can observe the data value collected by the node, set the acquisition period to 500ms, when we change the care we can observe the change of the photosensitive sensor curve, as shown in 1.
In the conclusion, the three-phase bridge thyristor AC voltage regulation method is adopted. The data transmission is carried out by ZigBee wireless sensor network technology. The sensor node is responsible for regional street lamp control and status detection. The network coordinator is responsible for setting up the network and data transfer, and the software implements the data. Analysis and processing. The actual debugging shows that the system is highly reliable, easy to maintain, intelligent and informative, ensuring lighting quality and saving energy while ensuring safety.
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