Is it necessary to have overcapacity for new energy vehicles?
Guide: New energy vehicles are different from traditional cars and create new production models. However, based on the current overcapacity of domestic production, is it still feasible for electric vehicle OEM? On the one hand, the choice of foundry will overwhelm its own brand, and the product will be engraved with the brand of the previous industry and commerce. On the other hand, nowadays new energy vehicles are in the process. The national subsidy construction phase, and the new energy vehicles and traditional automobile manufacturing processes and technologies are not completely consistent.
Internet cars, electric cars, and new products that are different from traditional fuels are creating "new" production models. Kaiyi Automobile, which was established in 2014, chose to make Chery OEM. In 2010, Weilai Automobile finally decided to set up Jianghuai Automobile and signed a contract for the production of 10 billion OEMs. LeEco said that its products will be manufactured by Aston Martin. The reporter was informed that Baidu’s driverless car is actually looking for a foundry company and may be contracted by a car group.
Foundry is not a new model, but in the automotive industry, it is still relatively new. Some product OEMs have occurred in the same group, but all product foundries have not been seen in the Chinese automotive industry. But is there any rationality in the new energy foundry? This has become a controversial topic since many non-automobile companies announced their car-building. For the new entrants of the auto industry, although the choice of a new energy vehicle with a low technical threshold is chosen as the entrance, the qualifications and the threshold of foundry make the vehicle's downline seem to be in the foreseeable future.
"The requirements of the four major processes are really unreasonable. At present, the domestic production capacity is already overcapital, and there is no need to build new capacity. We are willing to spend funds on research and development rather than investment construction." A founder of a new energy automobile company founded last year. In the interview with reporters, I was so vomiting. "But it's not scientific. Once we choose to OEM, even our own brand is overwhelmed. The new car must bring the name of the foundry when it comes out, which is fatal for us."
In fact, not only non-complete vehicle companies have the need to find foundries, but traditional automakers are also eager to share the “excess†capacity of their peers because of the lack of capacity in new energy sources. At the seminar on "Automotive Industry Reform and Industry Management System Reform" organized by China Electric Vehicles 100-Men, a number of vehicle manufacturers including Beiqi New Energy, Shenzhen BYD Daimler and Changan New Energy all expressed It has a strong demand for OEM.
At a time when new energy production is still dependent on subsidies, trying to "light assets" is considered to be both a pragmatic and a win-win choice. Surprisingly, not everyone agrees with the feasibility of foundry. "The problem of electric vehicle OEM can actually be said to be a false proposition." Also as the Internet-making genre, Lu Wei, founder of Zhike Youxing, believes Traditional body and manufacturing processes are not compatible with new energy vehicles.
Behind the controversy, both Weilai Automobile and Jianghuai have achieved the purpose of foundry through comprehensive cooperation, or the future decision of the car to invest in the self-built factory, which reflects the two-way bottleneck of the operation of the new energy vehicle light assets.
Demand for OEM is urgent
"The traditional automobile industry can also light assets, and it can entrust enterprises with production conditions and conditions for inspection and quality assurance in the society; or the situation in which qualified enterprises and their sister companies or parent companies can mutually entrust production. It can reasonably exist, but the foundry company bears all the responsibilities related to product quality.†Wang Xiaoxiang, vice president of China Changan Automobile Group, said that commissioned production should become a way to efficiently integrate qualifications under the qualification management mechanism.
Based on this, overcapacity is also considered a false proposition, supporting the foundry's view that new energy vehicle manufacturing can fully utilize the surplus capacity. However, in the new energy vehicle access plan announced by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology in June last year, the product manufacturing process was clearly defined, which means that in order to obtain new energy qualifications, it must have a special new energy production capacity. If you choose OEM, you must highlight the manufacturer's logo on the product according to the regulations, which will directly cause the new energy vehicle brand to belong to the manufacturer's misunderstanding. For the new energy auto companies behind the scenes, it is tantamount to the brand's failure.
In this regard, Daimler Greater China Investment Co., Ltd. Director Jiang Rencai spit, it is because the joint venture company BYD Daimler has no production qualifications, so the new energy models they developed can only be produced by BYD, and in nominal terms BYD's products, but ultimately the distribution of new energy sales has made the joint venture company feel unfair.
BAIC New Energy, which has obtained the first license in the new energy field, is also struggling with the joint venture of “capacity constructionâ€. "This year we got the qualification and license for the first new electric vehicle in China, but this was only after we met all the requirements, including the necessary conditions for painting capacity and assembly capacity. The NDRC is asking for this. Liang Qi, assistant to the assistant general manager of Beiqi New Energy and director of the development planning department, said that the initial position of BAIC New Energy was an innovative technology company, not an automobile manufacturing enterprise. He said, "In fact, we have the demand for commissioning. We also hope that we can realize our products as soon as possible, but now this is restricted, it is definitely not acceptable."
As the first case of Internet car manufacturing, Weilai Automobile has continuously called for the opening of the foundry threshold. "From the perspective of China's industrial policy, the automobile industry does not have foundry. Our laymen are not allowed. Cooperation with traditional car factories, because we do not even have the qualification for foundry. But so many joint ventures in China, which one is not a foundry?†A vice president of a new energy automobile company in Shanghai expressed helplessness in an interview. Its company was also established in 2015.
More representative is Weilai Automobile, which signed the Manufacturing Cooperation Framework Agreement with Jianghuai in April this year. The OEMs initially determined to be a new energy vehicle with an annual production capacity of 50,000 vehicles, but this agreement is not only It is a simple foundry, and its content has already involved the cooperation of the entire industry chain. Weilai Auto is an electric car company established by Li Bin, Chairman and CEO of Easy Car Network, and Li Xiang, founder of the car home. The goal is to use the iPhone to update the iterative model to build cars, to promote R&D and production separation, and capital addition. Business model.
The first product of Weilai Automobile, which is produced by JAC, is a pure electric SUV, which is scheduled to be launched at the end of 2017 or early 2018. Weilai Automobile, which has completed two rounds of hundreds of millions of dollars in financing, has announced that Weilai Automobile will also look for more “OEM†partners. For many new companies, this is still a tangled choice.
Foundry is a false proposition?
Lu Wei, the founder of Zhike Youxing, has thrown a completely different view. "The chassis that the traditional car factory currently has is difficult to use directly. If a gasoline engine chassis is equipped with four hundred kilograms of batteries, all must be re-doed." Lu Wei said that it was this discovery that affected his product off-line plan. And because of the different materials and production processes of new energy vehicles, they have given up the way to purchase qualifications.
Abandoning OEMs, there are also cases to choose from self-built factories. Just one month before the signing of the foundry agreement between Weilai Automobile and Jianghuai, the future car that is considered to be the most likely to obtain the qualification of new energy vehicles this year waved the first shovel of the production base in Suzhou. The future uses this investment of more than 2 billion. The self-built new energy vehicle production base showed its helplessness to the industry, and also indicated that new energy vehicle manufacturing requires new technologies.
It is reported that there are three technologies worth mentioning in the Suzhou base. The first is carbon fiber rapid molding technology, which aims to realize the core technical requirements of “lightweight body†for new energy vehicles. Followed by the all-aluminum welding technology different from traditional steel welding. The third is to emphasize the mass customization of information system management. The prospective car is currently applying for the qualification of new energy vehicle passenger car production. The reporter learned from reliable sources that the application is likely to be approved within the last 1-2 months. “The biggest problem for foundry is whether the companies that undertake production meet the quality requirements of your products. Even if we say that automobile production has been standardized and streamlined, it is the process of 'four major processes', created by different factories. The quality of the products will vary greatly. Production involves many small details." A new energy car company manager who chose to build a factory told reporters.
According to the cooperation agreement between Weilai Automobile and Jianghuai, JAC will also be a customized production for Weilai's foundry and will be put into production in its new plant for new energy vehicles. However, there are also traditional auto companies that can produce new energy vehicles under existing production resources. The general manager of Changan New Energy Automobile Co., Ltd. revealed that due to the tight production capacity, Changan’s new energy vehicles were produced using the capacity of Changan Suzuki, which is also a case of joint venture factories to the foundry of the head office. "We are also thinking about what standards and scales are used to prove that your foundry products are good, and that safety and other aspects are in line with certain standards and conditions?" Ren Yong said, "But for this problem, we There is really no better answer, and we are also very confused." This is not the confusion of Ren Yong. In the case of industrial policies and market standards are not uniform, new energy vehicles themselves are constantly being explored. However, considering the possibility of overcapacity in the future, it is also a good choice to transfer risks early.
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