Teach you how to make a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell

Fuel cells are a new class of chemical batteries. Hydrogen, oxygen, methane, etc. can all be used as raw materials. It has the advantages of high energy conversion rate, no pollution, and saving metal resources, and has great application value. However, since such batteries must use special catalysts, which are now difficult to manufacture and expensive, they are not widely available and can only be used in high-tech fields such as satellites and space stations. We used the knowledge of the original battery and electrolytic cell that we have learned, and produced a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell that can be used for demonstration in the school's scientific and technological activities. Now introduced as follows:

First, the appliance

U-shaped tube, graphite carbon rod, separatory funnel, alcohol burner, low-voltage DC power supply, 30% potassium hydroxide solution (or 30% dilute sulfuric acid), rubber stopper (double hole), wire, etc.

Second, the production principle

A porous carbon rod was used as the positive and negative electrodes of the fuel cell, and a 30% potassium hydroxide solution was used as the electrolyte solution. The negative electrode adsorbs hydrogen and the positive electrode adsorbs oxygen. When the oxyhydrogen fuel cell is operated, hydrogen on the negative electrode emits electrons, an oxidation reaction occurs, and oxygen on the positive electrode receives electrons, and a reduction reaction occurs.

Negative electrode 2H2 + 4OH- - 4e === 4H2O

Positive O2 + 2H2O + 4e === 4OH-

Total reaction 2H2 + O2 === 2H2O

Third, the production process

1. Processing of porous carbon rods

The graphite carbon rod is placed on an alcohol burner to heat and remove the gum therein, and quenched 3 to 4 times to form a porous carbon rod, that is, a porous carbon electrode.

2. The porous carbon electrode, the U-shaped tube, the separatory funnel, and the rubber stopper were assembled as shown in the figure; the U-shaped tube was filled with a potassium hydroxide solution through a separatory funnel, and sealed.

3. Preparation of hydrogen and oxygen

Adjust the voltage of the low-voltage power supply to 6 volts, and connect the positive and negative poles to the two carbon electrodes in the above device; turn on the power, electrolyze the potassium hydroxide solution to produce hydrogen and oxygen, and obtain the hydrogen and The volume ratio of oxygen is 2..1. Remove the power supply, the device shown below becomes a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell.

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