IPV6 realizes the connection between the wireless sensor network and the Internet
1 Introduction
　　 Wireless sensor networks are often accompanied by a large number of sensor devices. If you connect various devices to the Internet, you need a large number of IP addresses. At present, IP v4 cannot meet their needs, and IPv6 has rich address resources, so it can be very good. To meet its needs, IPv6 also has the following advantages:
1.1 High security
The IP v6 protocol family defines basic information about security, such as Datagram Encapsulation Security Protocol (ESP) and Send Datagram Authentication (Authentication Header AH).
For all IPv6 nodes, IPsec is mandatory. An IP v6 end-to-end connection is secure. The verification of the communication peer verifies the encryption and protection of data so that sensitive data can be safely transmitted on the IPv6 network. And the globally unique address can clearly identify each node, and avoid the end-to-end security damage of NAT (Network Address Translation).
1.2 Strong mobility
You can obtain a care-of address from anywhere through address auto-configuration, and use this address to communicate with nodes on the network. With mobile IPv6 and home agent, mobile terminals can roam between different networks while keeping existing communication connections uninterrupted, while maintaining their own reachability.
1.3 Good service quality
There is a Traffic Class in the IP v6 packet header, which can be used to implement priority services for key users and applications; the flow label field in the IPv6 packet header is Traffic Engineering and load balancing And distinguishing end-to-end data streams provides a powerful tool; globally unique addresses can distinguish data streams in more detail, while structured addresses can easily implement data stream aggregation on edge networks.
Therefore, IP V6 can meet the functional requirements of seamless connection between wireless sensor networks and the Internet.
2 Research on key technologies
A wireless sensor network is a multi-hop mobility peer-to-peer network that uses wireless communication and consists of a large number of sensor nodes with wireless communication and computing capabilities, low power consumption, and low complexity. If the IP V6 technology is fully applied to the wireless sensor network, it will inevitably consume most of the energy of the sensor, and some of its functions cannot be realized. Therefore, the existing IPV6 technology cannot be applied to wireless sensor networks. In order to apply IP V6 technology to wireless sensor networks, this paper designs the IPV6 header compression method based on the study of 6L o W PA N, so that IPV6 can effectively serve wireless sensor networks. The IEEE working group designed the IPv6 header compression method shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 LOWPAN_HC1
In this design, the source address and destination address of IPV6 occupy a large part of the data packet space. If the address space occupied by it can be optimized and compressed, the working efficiency of the data packet will be greatly improved. The main address of the IP V6 data packet mainly includes the address prefix and the interface identification. If it is transmitted inside the wireless sensor network, the prefix can be compressed completely, and the interface identification can be identified through the data link layer. On this basis, the source address and destination address can be effectively compressed into 2 bits. The specific design format is shown in Figure 2:
Figure 2 LOWPAN_HC1 encoding format
The specific encoding format is described as follows:
SA: IPV6 source address
DA: IPV6 destination address
T & F: transmission type and data flow label
NH: Next head
HC2: HC2 code
NCF: uncompressed area
3 Simulation experiment
In order to verify the effectiveness of the method designed in this paper, the design method was simulated on the N S2 simulation. The experiment mainly includes 21 nodes, simulating the experiment in a space of 50 * 50 square meters, including 1 demodulator and 5 common coordinators. The length of the simulated reference layer data information is 50 bytes. The main experimental content includes information transmission success rate and end-to-end delay test. The specific test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
Table 1 Comparison of data packet transmission success rate
Table 2 End-to-end delay comparison
4 Summary
In this paper, based on the research of wireless sensor networks, IP V6 and 6LoWPAN, the headers of IPV6 data packets are partially optimized and compressed, so that IPV6 can be better applied to wireless sensor networks, which can make wireless sensor networks Good integration with the Internet.
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