Demonstration Assessment of LED Residential Downlights and Undercabinet Lights
- US Department of Energy by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory -
In August 2008 the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) conducted a light-emitting diode (LED) residential lighting demonstration project for the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Building Technologies, as part of DOE's Solid-State Lighting (SSL) Technology Demonstration GATEWAY Program. Two lighting technologies, an LED replacement for lamps (bulbs) in downlights and an LED undercabinet lighting fixture, was evaluated in the demonstration which was conducted in two homes built for the 2008 Tour of Homes in Eugene, Oregon. Homes were built by the Lane County Home Builders Association (HBA) and Future B Homes. The Energy Trust of Oregon (ETO) also joined in the demonstration project.
The LED downlight product is called the LR6; it was developed by LED Lighting Fixtures Corporation (LLF) and is sold by Cree LED Lighting Solutions as a replacement for incandescent, compact fluorescent, and halogen lamps in recessed can downlights. It is a unique, Integrated module with its own optics, trim, heat sink, and screw (or GU-24) base designed to allow the entire product to be installed in existing recessed downlight fixtures. The second product was evaluated was Philips' eW (3) Profile Powercore undercabinet fixture, which Was designed to mount under kitchen cabinets to illuminate the countertop and backsplash surfaces.
Quantitative and qualitative measurements of light performance and electrical power usage were taken at each site before and after initially installed halogen and incandescent lamps were replaced with the LED products. Energy savings and simple paybacks were calculated and builders who toured the homes were surveyed for their responses To the LED products.
The LED downlight product drew 12 Watts of power, reducing energy use by 82% compared to a 65W incandescent reflector lamp and by 84% compared to a 75W halogen reflector lamp. The LED undercabinet fixture drew 10 watts, cutting energy use by 83% to 90% compared to a halogen product, which was tested at two power settings a low power setting that drew 60 watts and a high power setting that drew 105 watts.
</ br> Midway between the low and high power halogen undercabinet fixture light outputs (35.8 foot candle versus 13.4 fc and 53.4 fc) but it produced a more uniform light (max/min ratio of 7.0 versus 10.8).
The measured color correlated temperature (CCT) of the LED downlights correlated well with the CCT of the halogen and incandescent lights (2675 K vs. 2700 K). The color rendering of the LED downlight also is well at 92 CRI compared to 100 CRI for The halogen undercabinet fixture had measures of 2880 K CCT and 71 CRI compared to the 2700 K and 100 CRI scores for the halogen undercabinet fixture.
Builders who toured the homes were asked to complete a written survey regarding their perceptions of the light quality. They gave the LED downlight high marks for brightness and most felt the LEDs
The majority of the improvement of the halogen and incandescent lamps in terms of shadows and glare. The majority of the LED products high marks for overall visibility and improvement in home appearance and surprisingly a high number said they felt the LED products improved the homes ' value (83% said this about the downlight and 75% said this about the undercabinet fixture).
The dimming performance of the LED downlight product was also evaluated because LEDs are expected to have better dimming capability than other high-efficiency downlight alternatives, ie CFL R-lamps. It was difficult to find the brands of dimmers that were identified by the LED downlight The manufacturer was compatible with its product, however. The lamp was tested with a non-compatible dimmer and was found to be difficult to set below 50%. The lamps either didn't dim enough or turned off and they did not operate in unison. According to the builder, a compatible dimmer was found after PNNL's testing, and it is functioning satisfactorily. LED dimmer compatibility is an area for further manufacturer support and industry action.
Paybacks on the LED downlights ranged from 7.6 years (assuming electricity cost of 11 c/kWh) to
13.5 years (at 5c/kWh)a based on product costs of $95 per LED downlight and 3 hrs per day of usage. Paybacks on the LED undercabinet fixture in a new home ranged from 4.4 years (11c/kWh electricity) to
7.6 years (5c/kWh) based on product costs of $140 per LED undercabinet fixture at 2 hrs per day of usage. These payback calculations do not take into account labor costs to replace burned out bulbs or fixtures, which are expected to occur much more Frequent with halogen and incandescent lamps than with LED products. Paybacks will be shorter if lamps are operating more hours per day, if electricity prices go up, and/or if the initial purchase price goes down for the LED products. Available for less than a year; prices are expected to drop as the technology improves, as component costs decrease, and as sales and competition increase.
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In August 2008 the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) conducted a light-emitting diode (LED) residential lighting demonstration project for the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Building Technologies, as part of DOE's Solid-State Lighting (SSL) Technology Demonstration GATEWAY Program. Two lighting technologies, an LED replacement for lamps (bulbs) in downlights and an LED undercabinet lighting fixture, was evaluated in the demonstration which was conducted in two homes built for the 2008 Tour of Homes in Eugene, Oregon. Homes were built by the Lane County Home Builders Association (HBA) and Future B Homes. The Energy Trust of Oregon (ETO) also joined in the demonstration project.
The LED downlight product is called the LR6; it was developed by LED Lighting Fixtures Corporation (LLF) and is sold by Cree LED Lighting Solutions as a replacement for incandescent, compact fluorescent, and halogen lamps in recessed can downlights. It is a unique, Integrated module with its own optics, trim, heat sink, and screw (or GU-24) base designed to allow the entire product to be installed in existing recessed downlight fixtures. The second product was evaluated was Philips' eW (3) Profile Powercore undercabinet fixture, which Was designed to mount under kitchen cabinets to illuminate the countertop and backsplash surfaces.
Quantitative and qualitative measurements of light performance and electrical power usage were taken at each site before and after initially installed halogen and incandescent lamps were replaced with the LED products. Energy savings and simple paybacks were calculated and builders who toured the homes were surveyed for their responses To the LED products.
The LED downlight product drew 12 Watts of power, reducing energy use by 82% compared to a 65W incandescent reflector lamp and by 84% compared to a 75W halogen reflector lamp. The LED undercabinet fixture drew 10 watts, cutting energy use by 83% to 90% compared to a halogen product, which was tested at two power settings a low power setting that drew 60 watts and a high power setting that drew 105 watts.
</ br> Midway between the low and high power halogen undercabinet fixture light outputs (35.8 foot candle versus 13.4 fc and 53.4 fc) but it produced a more uniform light (max/min ratio of 7.0 versus 10.8).
The measured color correlated temperature (CCT) of the LED downlights correlated well with the CCT of the halogen and incandescent lights (2675 K vs. 2700 K). The color rendering of the LED downlight also is well at 92 CRI compared to 100 CRI for The halogen undercabinet fixture had measures of 2880 K CCT and 71 CRI compared to the 2700 K and 100 CRI scores for the halogen undercabinet fixture.
Builders who toured the homes were asked to complete a written survey regarding their perceptions of the light quality. They gave the LED downlight high marks for brightness and most felt the LEDs
The majority of the improvement of the halogen and incandescent lamps in terms of shadows and glare. The majority of the LED products high marks for overall visibility and improvement in home appearance and surprisingly a high number said they felt the LED products improved the homes ' value (83% said this about the downlight and 75% said this about the undercabinet fixture).
The dimming performance of the LED downlight product was also evaluated because LEDs are expected to have better dimming capability than other high-efficiency downlight alternatives, ie CFL R-lamps. It was difficult to find the brands of dimmers that were identified by the LED downlight The manufacturer was compatible with its product, however. The lamp was tested with a non-compatible dimmer and was found to be difficult to set below 50%. The lamps either didn't dim enough or turned off and they did not operate in unison. According to the builder, a compatible dimmer was found after PNNL's testing, and it is functioning satisfactorily. LED dimmer compatibility is an area for further manufacturer support and industry action.
Paybacks on the LED downlights ranged from 7.6 years (assuming electricity cost of 11 c/kWh) to
13.5 years (at 5c/kWh)a based on product costs of $95 per LED downlight and 3 hrs per day of usage. Paybacks on the LED undercabinet fixture in a new home ranged from 4.4 years (11c/kWh electricity) to
7.6 years (5c/kWh) based on product costs of $140 per LED undercabinet fixture at 2 hrs per day of usage. These payback calculations do not take into account labor costs to replace burned out bulbs or fixtures, which are expected to occur much more Frequent with halogen and incandescent lamps than with LED products. Paybacks will be shorter if lamps are operating more hours per day, if electricity prices go up, and/or if the initial purchase price goes down for the LED products. Available for less than a year; prices are expected to drop as the technology improves, as component costs decrease, and as sales and competition increase.
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